Tomcat与Java Web开发技术详解（第3版）（含DVD光盘1张）

个版本的特点.............12
1.5用Java套接字创建HTTP客户与服务器
程序.......................................................14
1.5.1演示异构系统之间用HTTP协议
通信..............................................18
1.5.2演示对网页中超链接的处理过程
......................................................21
1.5.3演示对网页中图片的处理过程22
1.6Web的发展历程...................................22
1.6.1发布静态HTML文档..............23
1.6.2发布静态多媒体信息................23
1.6.3提供浏览器端与用户的动态交互
功能..............................................24
1.6.4提供服务器端与用户的动态交互
功能..............................................25
1.6.5发布Web应用..........................30
1.6.6发布Web服务..........................31
1.6.7Web2.0：全民共建的Web.......34
1.6.8Web3.0：智能化处理海量信息35
1.7处理HTTP请求参数以及HTML表单35
1.8客户端向服务器端上传文件................38
1.9小结.......................................................44
1.10思考题.................................................44
第2章Tomcat简介................................49
2.1Tomcat概述...........................................50
2.2Tomcat作为Servlet容器的基本功能..51
2.3Tomcat的组成结构...............................52
2.4Tomcat的工作模式...............................55
2.5Tomcat的版本.......................................57
2.6安装和配置Tomcat所需的资源..........59
2.7安装Tomcat...........................................60
2.8启动Tomcat并测试Tomcat的安装....61
2.9Tomcat的运行脚本...............................63
2.10小结.....................................................64
2.11思考题.................................................64
第3章第一个JavaWeb应用.................67
3.1JavaWeb应用简介................................67
3.2创建JavaWeb应用...............................68
3.2.1JavaWeb应用的目录结构........68
3.2.2创建HTML文件......................70
3.2.3创建Servlet类..........................70
3.2.4创建JSP文件...........................72
3.2.5创建web.xml文件....................72
3.3在Tomcat中发布JavaWeb应用74
3.3.1Tomcat的目录结构..................74
3.3.2按照默认方式发布JavaWeb应用
.....................................................75
3.3.3Web组件的URL......................76
3.3.4配置Tomcat的＜Context＞元素.80
3.3.5配置Tomcat的虚拟主机..........82
3.4创建、配置和使用自定义JSP标签....85
3.5用批处理文件或ANT编译范例..........89
3.6小结.......................................................90
3.7思考题...................................................91
第4章Servlet技术(上).....................93
4.1ServletAPI.............................................94
4.1.1Servlet接口...............................95
4.1.2GenericServlet抽象类...............96
4.1.3HttpServlet抽象类....................98
4.1.4ServletRequest接口................101
4.1.5HttpServletRequest接口.........102
4.1.6ServletResponse接口..............104
4.1.7HttpServletResponse接口.......106
4.1.8ServletConfig接口..................108
4.1.9ServletContext接口................110
4.2JavaWeb应用的生命周期..................113
4.2.1启动阶段.................................113
4.2.2运行时阶段.............................113
4.2.3终止阶段.................................114
4.2.4用Tomcat的管理平台管理Web
应用的生命周期........................114
4.3Servlet的生命周期.............................116
4.3.1初始化阶段.............................116
4.3.2运行时阶段.............................117
4.3.3销毁阶段.................................117
4.3.4演示Servlet的生命周期的范例
....................................................118
4.4ServletContext与Web应用范围........121
4.4.1在Web应用范围内存放共享数据
的范例........................................122
4.4.2使用ServletContextListener监听
器................................................124
4.5Servlet的服务方法抛出异常..............127
4.6防止页面被客户端缓存......................128
4.7使用Annotation标注配置Servlet......129
4.8处理HTTP请求参数中的中文字符编码
.............................................................131
4.9小结.....................................................133
4.10思考题...............................................135
第5章Servlet技术(下).....................139
5.1下载文件.............................................139
5.2上传文件.............................................141
5.2.1利用Apache开源类库实现文件上
传................................................142
5.2.2利用ServletAPI中的Part接口实
现文件上传................................146
5.3动态生成图像.....................................149
5.4读写Cookie.........................................152
5.5访问Web应用的工作目录.................159
5.6转发和包含.........................................161
5.6.1请求转发.................................162
5.6.2包含.........................................166
5.6.3请求范围.................................168
5.7重定向.................................................168
5.8访问Servlet容器内的其他Web应用172
5.9避免并发问题.....................................173
5.9.1合理决定在Servlet中定义的变量
的作用域类型............................176
5.9.2使用Java同步机制对多线程同步
...................................................178
5.9.3被废弃的SingleThreadModel接口
...................................................179
5.10对客户请求的异步处理....................181
5.10.1异步处理的流程...................181
5.10.2异步处理的范例...................182
5.10.3异步监听器...........................186
5.10.4非阻塞I/O.............................187
5.11服务器端推送....................................191
5.12小结...................................................193
5.13思考题...............................................196
第6章JSP技术....................................199
6.1比较HTML、Servlet和JSP..............199
6.1.1静态HTML文件....................199
6.1.2用Servlet动态生成HTML页面
....................................................200
6.1.3用JSP动态生成HTML页面201
6.2JSP语法..............................................205
6.2.1JSP指令(Directive)............206
6.2.2JSP声明..................................208
6.2.3Java程序片段(Scriptlet)....209
6.2.4Java表达式.............................210
6.2.5隐含对象.................................212
6.3JSP的生命周期...................................214
6.4请求转发.............................................216
6.5包含.....................................................218
6.5.1静态包含.................................218
6.5.2动态包含.................................220
6.5.3混合使用静态包含和动态包含
....................................................222
6.6JSP异常处理.......................................229
6.7再谈发布JSP.......................................232
6.8预编译JSP..........................................232
6.9PageContext类的用法........................234
6.10在web.xml中配置JSP.....................236
6.11JSP技术的发展趋势.........................237
6.12小结...................................................238
6.13思考题...............................................238
第7章bookstore应用简介..................243
7.1bookstore应用的软件结构.................243
7.1.1Web服务器层.........................244
7.1.2数据库层.................................244
7.2浏览bookstore应用的JSP网页........244
7.3JavaBean和实用类.............................248
7.3.1实体类.....................................248
7.3.2购物车的实现.........................249
7.4发布bookstore应用............................252
7.5小结.....................................................253
第8章访问数据库...............................255
8.1安装和配置MySQL数据库...............255
8.2JDBC简介...........................................257
8.2.1java.sql包中的接口和类........260
8.2.2编写访问数据库程序的步骤..263
8.2.3事务处理.................................266
8.3通过JDBCAPI访问数据库的JSP范例程
序.........................................................267
8.4bookstore应用通过JDBCAPI访问数据
库.........................................................269
8.5数据源(DataSource)简介...............274
8.6配置数据源.........................................276
8.6.1在context.xml中加入＜Resource＞
元素............................................276
8.6.2在web.xml中加入＜resource-ref＞
元素............................................277
8.7程序中访问数据源..............................277
8.7.1通过数据源连接数据库的JSP范
例程序........................................278
8.7.2bookstore应用通过数据源连接数
据库............................................279
8.8处理数据库中数据的中文字符编码..282
8.9分页显示批量数据..............................283
8.10用可滚动结果集分页显示批量数据287
8.11小结...................................................290
8.11思考题...............................................291
第9章HTTP会话的使用与管理........295
9.1会话简介.............................................295
9.2HttpSession的生命周期及会话范围..299
9.3使用会话的JSP范例程序..................301
9.4使用会话的Servlet范例程序............305
9.5通过重写URL来跟踪会话................308
9.6会话的持久化......................................312
9.6.1标准会话管理器StandardManager
....................................................315
9.6.2持久化会话管理器
PersistentManager......................315
9.7会话的监听.........................................320
9.7.1用HttpSessionListener统计在线
用户人数....................................324
9.7.2用HttpSessionBindingListener统
计在线用户人数........................326
9.8小结.....................................................330
9.9思考题.................................................331
第10章JSP访问JavaBean..................335
10.1JavaBean简介...................................335
10.2JSP访问JavaBean的语法...............336
10.3JavaBean的范围...............................338
10.3.1JavaBean在页面(page)范围内
....................................................339
10.3.2JavaBean在请求(request)范围
内................................................341
10.3.3JavaBean在会话(session)范围
内................................................343
10.3.4JavaBean在Web应用
(application)范围内..............344
10.4在bookstore应用中访问JavaBean..345
10.4.1访问BookDB类...................345
10.4.2访问ShoppingCart类...........346
10.5小结...................................................350
10.6思考题...............................................351
第11章开发JavaMailWeb应用.........355
11.1E-mail协议简介................................355
11.1.1SMTP简单邮件传输协议....356
11.1.2POP3邮局协议.....................356
11.1.3接收邮件的新协议IMAP.....356
11.2JavaMailAPI简介.............................357
11.3建立JavaMail应用程序的开发环境359
11.3.1获得JavaMailAPI的类库....360
11.3.2安装和配置邮件服务器........360
11.4创建JavaMail应用程序...................362
11.5JavaMailWeb应用简介....................366
11.6JavaMailWeb应用的程序结构........367
11.6.1重新封装Message数据........368
11.6.2用于保存邮件账号信息的
JavaBean....................................371
11.6.3定义所有JSP文件的相同内容
...................................................373
11.6.4登录IMAP服务器上的邮件账号
...................................................375
11.6.5管理邮件夹...........................377
11.6.6查看邮件夹中的邮件信息....380
11.6.7查看邮件内容.......................384
11.6.8创建和发送邮件....................385
11.6.9退出邮件系统.......................388
11.7在Tomcat中配置邮件会话(Mail
Session).............................................388
11.7.1在context.xml中配置Mail
Session资源...............................388
11.7.2在web.xml中加入对JNDIMail
Session资源的引用...................389
11.7.3在javamail应用中获取JNDI
MailSession资源......................389
11.8发布和运行javamail应用................391
11.9小结...................................................392
11.10思考题..............................................392
第12章EL表达式语言.......................395
12.1基本语法...........................................395
12.1.1访问对象的属性及数组的元素
...................................................396
12.1.2EL运算符.............................396
12.1.3隐含对象...............................398
12.1.4命名变量...............................399
12.2使用EL表达式的JSP范例.............400
12.2.1关于基本语法的例子............400
12.2.2读取HTML表单数据的例子402
12.2.3访问命名变量的例子............403
12.3定义和使用EL函数.........................403
12.4小结...................................................406
12.5思考题...............................................407
第13章自定义JSP标签.....................409
13.1自定义JSP标签简介........................409
13.2JSPTagAPI........................................410
13.2.1JspTag接口...........................411
13.2.2Tag接口................................411
13.2.3IterationTag接口...................413
13.2.4BodyTag接口........................414
13.2.5TagSupport类和BodyTagSupport
类................................................416
13.3message标签范例(访问标签属性)
.............................................................420
13.3.1创建message标签的处理类
MessageTag................................421
13.3.2创建标签库描述文件............425
13.3.3在Web应用中使用标签......427
13.3.4发布支持中、英文版本的
helloapp应用.............................429
13.4iterate标签范例(重复执行标签主体)
.............................................................431
13.5greet标签范例(访问标签主体内容)
.............................................................435
13.6小结...................................................439
13.7思考题...............................................440
第14章采用模板设计网上书店应用443
14.1如何设计网站的模板........................443
14.2创建负责流程控制的Servlet............444
14.3创建模板标签和模板JSP文件........446
14.3.1＜parameter＞标签和其处理类448
14.3.2＜screen＞标签和处理类.........451
14.3.3＜definition＞标签和处理类....453
14.3.4＜insert＞标签和处理类..........457
14.4修改JSP文件....................................459
14.5发布采用模板设计的bookstore应用
.............................................................460
14.6小结...................................................463
第15章JSTLCore标签库...................465
15.1使用第三方提供的标签库的步骤....465
15.2JSTL标签库简介..............................466
15.3一般用途的标签................................467
15.3.1＜c:out＞标签...........................468
15.3.2＜c:set＞标签...........................469
15.3.3＜c:remove＞标签....................470
15.3.4＜c:catch＞标签........................471
15.4条件标签...........................................471
15.4.1＜c:if＞标签.............................471
15.4.2＜c:choose＞、＜c:when＞和
＜c:otherwise＞标签.....................472
15.5迭代标签...........................................473
15.5.1＜c:forEach＞标签...................473
15.5.2＜c:forTokens＞标签................477
15.6URL相关的标签...............................478
15.6.1＜c:import＞标签.....................478
15.6.2＜c:url＞标签...........................479
15.6.3＜c:redirect＞标签....................480
15.7小结...................................................481
15.8思考题...............................................481
第16章JSTLI18N标签库..................485
16.1国际化的概念....................................485
16.2Java语言对I18N的支持.................486
16.2.1Locale类...............................486
16.2.2ResourceBundle类................490
16.2.3MessageFormat类和复合消息
....................................................492
16.3国际化标签........................................494
16.3.1＜fmt:setLocale＞标签.............494
16.3.2＜fmt:setBundle＞标签............495
16.3.3＜fmt:bundle＞标签.................496
16.3.4＜fmt:message＞标签...............496
16.3.5＜fmt:param＞标签..................497
16.3.6＜fmt:requestEncoding＞标签..498
16.4创建国际化的Web应用...................498
16.4.1创建支持国际化的网页........499
16.4.2创建资源文件.......................502
16.5格式化标签........................................503
16.5.1＜fmt:setTimeZone＞标签.......503
16.5.2＜fmt:timeZone＞标签.............503
16.5.3＜fmt:formatNumber＞标签.....504
16.5.4＜fmt:parseNumber＞标签.......505
16.5.5＜fmt:formatDate＞标签..........506
16.5.6＜fmt:parseDate＞标签............507
16.6小结...................................................508
16.7思考题...............................................509
第17章JSTLSql标签库.....................513
17.1＜sql:setDataSource＞标签..................513
17.2＜sql:query＞标签................................514
17.2.1设置数据源...........................514
17.2.2设置select查询语句............515
17.2.3控制实际取出的记录............515
17.2.4访问查询结果.......................515
17.2.5使用＜sql:query＞标签的范例516
17.3＜sql:param＞标签...............................519
17.4＜sql:dateParam＞标签.........................519
17.5＜sql:update＞标签...............................520
17.6＜sql:transaction＞标签........................521
17.7小结...................................................522
17.8思考题...............................................523
第18章JSTLFunctions标签库...........525
18.1fn:contains函数.................................525
18.2fn:containsIgnoreCase函数...............525
18.3fn:startsWith函数..............................526
18.4fn:endsWith函数...............................526
18.5fn:indexOf函数.................................526
18.6fn:replace函数...................................527
18.7fn:substring函数...............................527
18.8fn:substringBefore函数.....................528
18.9fn:substringAfter函数.......................528
18.10fn:split函数.....................................528
18.11fn:join函数......................................529
18.12fn:toLowerCase函数.......................529
18.13fn:toUpperCase函数.......................530
18.14fn:trim函数.....................................530
18.15fn:escapeXml函数..........................530
18.16fn:length函数..................................531
18.17小结.................................................532
18.18思考题.............................................533
第19章简单标签和标签文件.............535
19.1实现SimpleTag接口........................535
19.1.1创建和使用＜hello＞简单标签537
19.1.2创建和使用带属性和标签主体
的＜welcome＞简单标签.............538
19.1.3创建和使用带动态属性的
＜max＞简单标签........................540
19.2使用标签文件....................................541
19.2.1标签文件的隐含对象...........545
19.2.2标签文件的指令...................546
19.2.3标签文件的＜jsp:invoke＞和
＜jsp:doBody＞动作元素.............547
19.2.4创建和使用带属性和标签主体
的display标签文件..................548
19.2.5创建和使用带属性和标签主体
的welcome标签文件................549
19.2.6创建和使用带变量的precode标
签文件........................................551
19.3小结...................................................552
19.4思考题...............................................552
第20章过滤器.....................................555
20.1过滤器简介........................................555
20.2创建过滤器........................................556
20.3发布过滤器........................................560
20.3.1在web.xml文件中配置过滤器
....................................................560
20.3.2用@WebFilter标注来配置过滤
器................................................561
20.3.3用NoteFilter来过滤NoteServlet
的范例........................................562
20.4串联过滤器........................................566
20.4.1包装设计模式简介...............567
20.4.2ServletOutputStream的包装类
....................................................569
20.4.3HttpServletResponse的包装类
....................................................572
20.4.4创建对响应结果进行字符串替
换的过滤器................................573
20.4.5ReplaceTextFilter过滤器工作的
UML时序图..............................574
20.4.6发布和运行包含
ReplaceTextFilter过滤器的Web应
用................................................576
20.5异步处理过滤器................................579
20.6小结...................................................582
20.7思考题...............................................582
第21章Web应用中访问EJB组件....587
21.1JavaEE体系结构简介.......................587
21.2安装和配置WildFly服务器.............589
21.3创建EJB组件...................................590
21.3.1编写Remote接口.................591
21.3.2编写EnterpriseJavaBean类591
21.4在Web应用中访问EJB组件..........593
21.5发布JavaEE应用..............................595
21.5.1在WildFly上发布EJB组件595
21.5.2在WildFly上发布Web应用596
21.5.3在WildFly上发布JavaEE应用
...................................................597
21.6小结...................................................598
21.7思考题...............................................600
第22章Web应用中访问Web服务....601
22.1SOAP简介........................................601
22.2在Tomcat上发布AxisWeb应用....603
22.3创建SOAP服务...............................604
22.3.1创建提供SOAP服务的Java类
...................................................605
22.3.2创建SOAP服务的发布描述文件
...................................................605
22.4发布和管理SOAP服务...................606
22.4.1发布SOAP服务...................606
22.4.2管理SOAP服务...................607
22.5创建和运行SOAP客户程序............609
22.6在bookstore应用中访问SOAP服务
.............................................................611
22.6.1对SOAP服务方法的参数和返回
值的限制....................................611
22.6.2创建BookDB服务类及
BookDBDelegate代理类...........612
22.6.3发布BookDBService服务和
bookstore应用...........................617
22.7小结...................................................619
22.8思考题...............................................620
第23章Web应用的MVC设计模式623
23.1MVC设计模式简介..........................623
23.2JSPModel1和JSPModel2...............625
23.3SpringMVC概述..............................627
23.3.1SpringMVC的框架结构......627
23.3.2SpringMVC的工作流程......630
23.4创建采用SpringMVC的Web应用630
23.4.1建立SpringMVC的环境.....630
23.4.2创建视图...............................631
23.4.3创建模型...............................632
23.4.4创建Controller组件.............633
23.4.5创建web.xml文件和Spring
MVC配置文件.........................636
23.5运行helloapp应用............................637
23.6小结...................................................638
23.7思考题...............................................638
第2篇
Tomcat配置及第三方实用软件的用法
第24章Tomcat的管理平台................641
24.1访问Tomcat的管理平台..................641
24.2Tomcat的管理平台...........................642
24.2.1管理Web应用......................642
24.2.2管理HTTP会话...................644
24.2.3查看Tomcat服务器信息......645
24.3小结...................................................646
第25章安全域.....................................647
25.1安全域概述........................................647
25.2为Web资源设置安全约束...............648
25.2.1在web.xml中加入
＜security-constraint＞元素..........649
25.2.2在web.xml中加入＜login-config＞
元素............................................651
25.2.3在web.xml中加入
＜security-role＞元素...................654
25.3内存域...............................................655
25.4JDBC域.............................................656
25.4.1用户数据库的结构...............656
25.4.2在MySQL中创建和配置用户数
据库............................................657
25.4.3配置＜Realm＞元素.................658
25.5DataSource域....................................659
25.6在Web应用中访问用户信息...........660
25.7小结...................................................661
25.8思考题...............................................661
第26章Tomcat与其他HTTP服务器集成
...................................................................663
26.1Tomcat与HTTP服务器集成的原理663
26.1.1JK插件..................................664
26.1.2AJP协议................................665
26.2在Windows下Tomcat与Apache服务器
集成.....................................................665
26.3在Linux下Tomcat与Apache服务器集
成.........................................................668
26.4Tomcat与IIS服务器集成................670
26.4.1安装和启动IIS服务器.........670
26.4.2准备相关文件.......................671
26.4.3编辑注册表...........................672
26.4.4在IIS中加入“jakarta”虚拟目
录................................................673
26.4.5把JK插件作为ISAPI筛选器加
入到IIS......................................674
26.4.6测试配置...............................675
26.5Tomcat集群.......................................675
26.5.1配置集群系统的负载平衡器676
26.5.2配置集群管理器...................678
26.6小结...................................................682
26.7思考题...............................................683
第27章在Tomcat中配置SSI.............685
27.1SSI简介.............................................685
27.1.1#echo指令.............................686
27.1.2#include指令.........................688
27.1.3#flastmod指令......................689
27.1.4#fsize指令.............................690
27.1.5#exec指令.............................690
27.1.6#config指令..........................690
27.1.7#if、#elif、#else和#endif指令
....................................................692
27.2在Tomcat中配置对SSI的支持......692
27.3小结...................................................694
27.4思考题...............................................694
第28章Tomcat阀................................697
28.1Tomcat阀简介...................................697
28.2客户访问日志阀................................698
28.3远程地址过滤阀................................700
28.4远程主机过滤阀................................701
28.5错误报告阀........................................702
28.6小结...................................................703
28.7思考题...............................................703
第29章在Tomcat中配置SSL...........705
29.1SSL简介............................................705
29.1.1加密通信...............................706
29.1.2安全证书...............................706
29.1.3SSL握手...............................707
29.2在Tomcat中使用SSL......................709
29.2.1准备安全证书.......................709
29.2.2配置SSL连接器...................710
29.2.3访问支持SSL的Web站点..711
29.3小结...................................................712
29.4思考题...............................................712
第30章用ANT工具管理Web应用..715
30.1安装配置ANT..................................715
30.2创建build.xml文件..........................715
30.3运行ANT..........................................721
30.4小结...................................................722
30.5思考题...............................................723
第31章使用Log4J进行日志操作.....725
31.1Log4J简介........................................725
31.1.1Logger组件...........................726
31.1.2Appender组件.......................727
31.1.3Layout组件...........................728
31.1.4Logger组件的继承性...........729
31.2Log4J的基本使用方法.....................730
31.2.1创建Log4J的配置文件........730
31.2.2在程序中使用Log4J............731
31.3在helloapp应用中使用Log4J.........734
31.4小结...................................................736
31.5思考题...............................................736
第32章Velocity模板语言...................739
32.1获得与Velocity相关的类库............739
32.2Velocity的简单例子.........................740
32.2.1创建Velocity模板................740
32.2.2创建扩展VelocityViewServlet的
Servlet类...................................740
32.2.3发布和运行基于Velocity的Web
应用............................................741
32.3注释...................................................743
32.4引用...................................................743
32.4.1变量引用...............................744
32.4.2属性引用...............................744
32.4.3方法引用...............................746
32.4.4正式引用符...........................747
32.4.5安静引用符...........................747
32.4.6转义符...................................747
32.4.7大小写替换...........................748
32.5指令...................................................748
32.5.1#set指令................................748
32.5.2字面字符串...........................750
32.5.3#if指令..................................750
32.5.4比较运算...............................751
32.5.5#foreach循环指令................752
32.5.6#include指令.........................753
32.5.7#parse指令............................754
32.5.8#macro指令..........................754
32.5.9转义VTL指令......................755
32.5.10VTL的格式.........................756
32.6其他特征...........................................756
32.6.1数学运算...............................756
32.6.2范围操作符...........................757
32.6.3字符串的连接.......................757
32.7小结...................................................758
32.8思考题...............................................758
第33章创建嵌入式Tomcat服务器...761
33.1将Tomcat嵌入Java应用.................761
33.2创建嵌入了Tomcat的Java示范程序
.............................................................763
33.3终止嵌入式Tomcat服务器..............766
33.3.1调用Tomcat类的stop()方法终止
服务器........................................766
33.3.2通过SHUTSDOWN命令终止服
务器............................................766
33.4运行嵌入式Tomcat服务器..............768
33.5小结...................................................771
33.6思考题...............................................771
附录Aserver.xml文件..........................775
A.1配置Server元素................................776
A.2配置Service元素...............................777
A.3配置Engine元素...............................777
A.4配置Host元素...................................778
A.5配置Context元素..............................778
A.6配置Connector元素..........................779
A.7配置Executor元素............................781
附录Bweb.xml文件.............................783
B.1配置过滤器.........................................785
B.2配置Servlet........................................786
B.3配置Servlet映射................................787
B.4配置Session........................................787
B.5配置Welcome文件清单....................787
B.6配置TagLibrary.................................788
B.7配置资源引用.....................................788
B.8配置安全约束.....................................789
B.9配置安全验证登录界面.....................789
B.10配置对安全验证角色的引用...........790
附录CXML简介..................................791
C.1SGML、HTML与XML的比较......791
C.2DTD文档类型定义............................792
C.3有效XML文档以及简化格式的XML文
档.........................................................793
C.4XML中的常用术语...........................795
C.4.1URL、URN和URI...............795
C.4.2XML命名空间...........